BiharWatch

BiharWatch is an initiative of the East India Research Council (EIRC) which focuses on public policy, public finance, law making and justice besides nature and science. It attempts to keep an eye on poems, unalloyed truth, unsound business, paid news, courts, central and state legislatures, central and state governments, courts, district and block administrations, mayors, mukhiyas, sarpanchs, police stations, jails, the migrants from earliest times and neighbors. Contact:krishnaruhani@gmail.com

Sunday, November 14, 2021

IWPC, MediaVigil, CFCL FMP issue statement on detained journalists in Tripura

Prior to the grant of bail to the two journalists, Indian Women's Press Corps issued a statement expressing solidarity with Samriddhi K.Sakunia and Swarna Jha,the two women journalists who have been harassed, intimidated and detained for doing their job. IWPC demanded their immediate release.

MediaVigil and Citizens Forum for Civil Liberties (CFCL) endorsed the statement of Indian Women's Press Corps in solidarity with Samriddhi and Swarna, the two journalists who are facing unjust interference with their right to civil liberties. Journalist Unions, Prabhash Parampara Nyas, Committee Against Assault on Journalists (CAAJ) and Press Council of India must intervene before it is too late.

The Foundation of Media Professionals (FMP) has also issued a statement on the

arrests by Tripura Police of young women journalists.

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Bank of Sone River

Sone near endangered Koilwar Bridge, Bhojpur. Sone is the principal southern tributary of Ganga, rising in Amarkantak, Madhya Pradesh state It flows north past Manpur and then turns northeast. The river cuts through the Kaimur Range and joins Ganga above Patna, after a 784-km course. The Son valley is geologically almost a continuation of that of the Narmada River to the southwest. It is largely forested and sparsely populated. The valley is bordered by the Kaimur Range to the north and the Chota Nagpur plateau to the south.

War of Buxar

On October 23, 1764, the war between the English East India Company and the Indian rulers was fought in Buxar, some 130 kilometers from Patna. The seeds of war of Buxar were sown in war of Plassey in 1757. In 1760, Mir Jafar was succeeded by his son-in-law Mir Kasim. He handed over the districts of Chittagong, Midnapore and Burdwan to the Company. Robert Clive returned to England in the same year. Mir Kasim (reign:1760 to 1763), made an attempt to recover Bengal from the hands of British. In 1764, he enlisted the help of Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II and Nawab Shuja Ud Daulah of Oudh. But their troops were defeated in the Battle of Buxar by the British East India Company troops led by Major Hector Munro. The armies of Mir Kasim and his allies Emperor Shah Alam II and Shuja-ud-daula, Nawab of Avadh, out-matched the British in number. To Mir Kasim's force of 40,000 Robert Clive's army commanded by Major Hector Munro had about 18,000 men. Company troops engaged in the fighting numbered 7,072 comprising 857 British, 5,297 Indian sepoys and 918 Indian cavalry. Indian army's numbers were estimated to be over 40,000 and 10,000 more were scattered and positioned in the regions around Patna. The company losses are said to have been 1,847 killed and wounded. the three Indian allies accounted for 2,000 dead; many more were wounded. As to the battle early on, East India Company forces had to retreat across the river. But they were allowed to get away; the forces retreat across the river. Again they were allowed to get away. The forces regrouped and through a naval force attacked through the river route. Mir Kasim also had trained Afghan cavalry and modern cannon manned by European/French mercenaries and led a charge on the Company's forces. However, the Company relied on its strength of sequenced shooting-its musketeers put up volley of gunfire. This coordinated gun shooting became very much a trademark of the British way of war over the next few decades. The sheer power of gunfire ensured that attacking cavalry scattered. The establishment of British paramountcy along with the diwani (revenue administration) of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa was the major significance of the War of Buxar. The victors captured 133 pieces of artillery, 6,000 Mughals and over 1 million rupees of cash. Immediately after the battle, strategically the company decided to greatly assist the Marathas aginst these rulers. The war was waged after the French were defeated in the Seven Years' War (1756–1763). The War of Palassey was a mirror of their European rivalry, the French East India Company had sent a small contingent to fight against the British but were outwitted by Robert Clive's forgery and conspirators like Mir Jafar, Rai Durlabh, Yar Lutuf Khan and Omichund & the firman of 1717 was confirmed. By 1759, Mir Jafar felt that his position as a subordinate to the British could not be tolerated. He started encouraging the Dutch to advance against the British and eject them from Bengal. In late 1759, the Dutch sent seven large ships and 1400 men from Java to Bengal under the pretext of reinforcing their Bengal settlement of Chinsura even though Britain and Holland were not officially at war. Clive, however, initiated immediate offensive operations by land and sea and defeated the much larger Dutch force on 25 November 1759 in the Battle of Chinsura. The British then deposed Mir Jafar and installed Mir Qasim as the Nawab of Bengal. Later, the three unhappy rulers Shula-ud-daula, Shah Alam and Mir Kasim, united together to defeat the British East India Company. They declared war against the company in 1764. Their combined army met the company forces under the command of Major Munro at Buxar in October 1764. Major Munro inflicted a crushing defeat on the Indian forces. Mir Kasim fled to the North-West and died. Shah Alam II left the cause of Shuja-ud-daula and found shelter in the company camp. Shuja-ud-daula fought until 1765. Nawabs of Bengal, Awadh and Mughal emperor Shah Alam II, signed the Treaty of Allahabad that secured Diwani Rights for the Company to collect and manage the revenues of almost 100,000,000 acres (400,000 km2) of real estate which form parts of the modern states of West Bengal, Odisha, Bihar, Jharkhand, and Uttar Pradesh, as well as areas in the neighbouring country of Bangladesh. He was also forced to pay a war indemnity of five million rupees. Shah Alam II became a pensioner with a monthly stipend of 450,000 rupees towards upkeep of horses, sepoys, peons, barkandazis (matchlock men) and household expenses. The Treaty of Allahabad heralded the establishment of the rule of the East India Company in one-eighth of India.

Sunday, November 14, 2021

IWPC, MediaVigil, CFCL FMP issue statement on detained journalists in Tripura

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